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283 Grimley, R, Oates, G 1980. The natural history of malignant thyroid lymphomas. Br J Surg 67:475

284. Siroto, D, Segal, R 1979. Primary lymphomas of the thyroid. JAMA 242:1743

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342.to be entered

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344 DeGroot, L, Hoye, K, Refetoff, S, Van Herle, A, Asteris, G, Rochman, H 1977. Serum antigens and antibodies in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 45:1220

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360. Thomas, C, Pepper, F, Owen, J 1969. Differentiation of malignant from benign lesions of the thyroid gland using complementary scanning with 75Selenomethionine and radioiodide. Ann Surg 170:396

361 Yano, K, Morita, S, Furukawa, Y, al., e 1978. Diagnosis of malignant neoplasms with 201Ti chloride. Jpn J Nucl Med 15:989

362. to be added

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364. Skowsky, W, Wilf, L 1991. 131Iodine metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. South Med J 84:636

365.Lamberts, S, Reubi, J-C, Krenning, E 1993. Validation of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the localization of neuroendocrine tumors. Acta Oncol 32:167

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367.1 van Tol KM, Jager PL, Piers A, Pruim J, de Vries EGE, Dullaart RPF, Links TP.  Better yield of  ¹⁸Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma during thyrotropin stimulation.  Thyroid 12:381, 2002.

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372. Yano, K, Morita, S, Furukawa, Y, al., e 1978. Diagnosis of malignant neoplasms with 201Ti chloride. Jpn J Nucl Med 15:989

373. Van Herle, A, Uller, R 1975. Elevated serum thyroglobulin. A marker of metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Invest 56:272

374. see 370

375. to be added

376. Buckwalter, J, Thomas, C 1972. Selection of surgical treatment for well differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Ann Surg 176:565

377. Tollefsen, H, Shah, J, Huvos, A 1972. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Recurrence in the thyroid gland after initial surgical treatment. Am J Surg 124:468

378. Rickey, O, Howard, R 1967. Cancer of the thyroid. Am J Surg 112:637

379. to be added

380. Clark, R, Ibanez, M, White, E 1966. What constitutes an adequate operation for carcinoma of the thyroid? Arch Surg 92:23

381. Rustad, W, Lindsay, S, Dailey, M 1963. Comparison of the incidence of complications following total and subtotal thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 116:109

382. Thompson, N, Harness, J; 1970. Complications of total thyroidectomy for carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 131:861

383. Samaan, N, Schultz, P, Hickey, R, et al. 1992. The results of various modalities of treatment of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A retrospective review of 1599 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75:714-720

384. Tollefson, H, DeCosse, J 1964. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. The case for radical neck dissection. Am J Surg 108:547

385. Crile, G J, Suhrer, J J, Hazard, J 1955. Results of conservative operations for malignant tumors of the thyroid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 15:1422

386. Crile, G J 1971. Changing end results in patients with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Surg Gynecol Obstet 132:460

387.Glass, H, Waldron, G, Allen, H J, Brown, W 1960. A rational approach to the thyroid malignancy problem. Am Surg 26:81

388.see 385

389.see386

390. Cady, B, Sedgwick, C, Meissner, W, Bookwalter, J, Romagosa, V, Werber, J 1976. Changing clinical; pathologic; therapeutic; and survival patterns of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg 184:541

391. see 376.

392. see 376
393.
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395.
396. see 384
397.
398. to be entered
399.
400. see 378
401.
402. see 376
403.
404. see 380
405.
406. see 378
407.
400. Tollefsen, H, Shah, J, Huvos, A 1972. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Recurrence in the thyroid gland after initial surgical treatment. Am J Surg 124:468

401. Rosvoll, R, Winship, T 1965. Thyroid carcinoma and pregnancy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 121:1039

402. Samaan, N, Schultz, P, Hickey, R, et al. 1992. The results of various modalities of treatment of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A retrospective review of 1599 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75:714-720

403. Hay, I, Grant, C, Bergstralh, E, Thompson, G, van Heerden, J, Goellner, J 1998. Unilateral total lobectomy. Is it sufficient surgical treatment for patients with AMES low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma? Surgery 124:958-966

404. Rustad, W, Lindsay, S, Dailey, M 1963. Comparison of the incidence of complications following total and subtotal thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 116:109

405. Thompson, N, Harness, J; 1970. Complications of total thyroidectomy for carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 131:861

406. Mazzaferri, E, Young, R, Oertel, J, Kemmerer, W, Page, C 1977. Papillary thyroid carcinoma. The impact of therapy in 576 patients. Medicine 56:171

407. Tollefson, H, DeCosse, J 1964. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. The case for radical neck dissection. Am J Surg 108:547

408. see 407

409. Glass, H, Waldron, G, Allen, H J, Brown, W 1960. A rational approach to the thyroid malignancy problem. Am Surg 26:81

410. Hirabayashi, R, Lindsay, S 1961. Carcinoma of the thyroid gland--a statistical study of 390 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:1596

411. Hay, I, Bergstralh, E, Goellner, J, Ebersold, J, Grant, C 1993. Predicting outcome in papillary thyroid carcinoma. development of a reliable prognostic scoring system in a cohort of 1779 patients surgically treated at one institution during 1940 through 1989. Surgery 114:1050-1057

412Meissner, W, Colcock, B, Achenback, H 1955. The pathologic evaluation of radical neck dissection for carcinoma of the thyroid gland. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 15:1432

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414. Block, G, Wilson, S 1971. A modified neck dissection for carcinoma of the thyroid. Surg Clin North Am 51:139

415. Mustard, R 1970. Treatment of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with emphasis on conservative neck dissection. Am J Surg 120:697

416. McGovern, J, Mannex, H J 1967. Thirty year experience with thyroid cancer. NY State J Med 67:2207

417. Exelby, P, Frazell, E 1969. Carcinoma of the thyroid in children. Surg Clin North Am 49:249

418. Werk, E, Vernon, B, Gonzalez, J, Ungaro, P, McCoy, R 1984. Cancer in thyroid nodules. A community hospital survey. Arch Intern Med 144:474

418a Triponez F, Poder L, Zarnegar R, Goldstein R, Roayaie K, Feldstein V, Lee J, Kebebew E, Duh QY, Clark OH. Hook needle-guided excision of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer in previously operated neck compartments: a safe technique for small, nonpalpable recurrent disease.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Dec;91(12):4943-7

419. Klapp, C, Rosvoli, R, Winship, T 1967. Is destructive surgery ever necessary for treatment of thyroid cancer in children? Ann Surg 165:745

420. Wolf, G, Kohek, P, Geyer, E, et al. 1996. Intraoperative radiation therapy; endotracheal hyperthermia and IR-192-brachytherapy in patients with advanced thyroid cancer. Acta Medica Austriaca 23:76-79

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425. Ruegemer, J, Hay, I, Bergstralh, E, Ryan, J, Offord, K, Gorman, C 1988. Distant metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A multivariate analysis of prognostic variables. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:501-508

426. Exelby, P, Frazell, E 1969. Carcinoma of the thyroid in children. Surg Clin North Am 49:249

427. Klapp, C, Rosvoli, R, Winship, T 1967. Is destructive surgery ever necessary for treatment of thyroid cancer in children? Ann Surg 165:745

428. Liechty, R, Safaie-Shirazi, S, Soper, R 1972. Carcinoma of the thyroid in children. Surg Gynecol Obstet 134:595

429. Pacini, F, Gasperi, M, Fugazzola, L, et al. 1994. Testicular function in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated with radioiodine. J Nucl Med 35:1418

430. McClellan, D, Francis, G 1996. Thyroid cancer in children; pregnant women; and patients with Graves' disease. Endocrinol Metab Clinics North America 25:27-48

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434. Cady, B, Sedgwick, C, Meissner, W, Bookwalter, J, Romagosa, V, Werber, J 1976. Changing clinical; pathologic; therapeutic; and survival patterns of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg 184:541

435. Mazzaferri, E, Young, R, Oertel, J, Kemmerer, W, Page, C 1977. Papillary thyroid carcinoma. The impact of therapy in 576 patients. Medicine 56:171

436. Mazzaferri, E, Young, R 1981. Papillary thyroid carcinoma. A ten year follow-up report of the impact of therapy in 576 patients. Am J Med 70:511

437.see 436

438. Samaan, N, Schultz, P, Hickey, R, et al. 1992. The results of various modalities of treatment of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A retrospective review of 1599 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75:714-720

439. DeGroot, L, Reilly, M 1982. Comparison of 30- and 50-mCi doses of iodine-131 for thyroid ablation. Ann Intern Med 96:51

440. Roos, D e a 1999. Review of trials assessing low dose radioactive iodine ablation for thyroid remnants in patients with thyroid cancer. International J Rad Oncol Biol Physiol 44:493-495. 1.

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440b. Czepczynski R, Ziemnicka K, Baczyk M, Oleksa R, Ruchala M, Sowinski J. Fractionated dosage of radioiodine for the ablation of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2005 Nov;15(11):1261-5.

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441. Wartofsky, L, Sherman, S, Gopal, J, Schlumberger, M, Hay, I 1998. The use of radioactive iodine in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:4195-4203

442. Caplan, R, Abellera, R, Kisken, W 1994. Hurthle cell neoplasms of the thyroid gland. Reassessment of functional capacity. Thyroid 4:243

423. Carcangiu, M, Bianchi, S, Savino, D, Voynick, I, Rosai, J 1991. Follicular Hurthle cell tumors of the thyroid gland. Cancer 68:1944-1953
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445. Robbins, R J, Tuttle, R M, Sonenberg, M, et al. 2001 Radioiodine ablation of thyroid remnants after preparation with recombinant human thyrotropin. Thyroid 11:865-9

445a. Kuijt WJ, Huang SA.; Children with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Achieve Adequate Hyperthyrotropinemia within 14 Days of Levothyroxine Withdrawal. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Aug 9

446. Guimaraes, V, DeGroot, L 1996. Moderate hypothyroidism in preparation for whole body 131I scintiscans and thyroglobulin testing. Thyroid 6:69-73

447. Schlumberger, M 1998. Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. N Engl J Med 338:.297-306

448. Dow, K, Ferrell, B, Anello, C 1997. Quality of life changes in patients with thyroid cancer after withdrawal of thyroid hormone therapy. Thyroid 7:613-619

449. Ramirez, L, Braverman, L, White, B, Emerson, C 1997. Recombinant human thyrotropin is a potent stimulator of thyroid function in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82:2836-2839

450. Meier, C, Braverman, L, Ebner, S, et al. 1994. Diagnostic use of recombinant human thyrotropin in patients with thyroid carcinoma (phase I/II study). J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 78:188-96

451. Ladenson, P, Braverman, L, Mazzaferri, E, al., e 1997. Comparison of administration of recombinant human thyrotropin with withdrawal of thyroid hormone for radioactive iodine scanning in patients with thyroid carcinoma. N Engl J Med 337:888-95

452. Haugen, B, Pacini, F, Reiners, C, et al. 1999. A comparison of recombinant human thyrotropin and thyroid hormone withdrawal for the detection of thyroid remnant or cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:3877-3885

452.1 Driedger, AA; Kotowycz, N.    Two cases of thyroid carcinoma that were not stimulated by recombinant human thyrotropin.      J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89    585-590     2004.

452a. Sorvillo, F; Mazziotti,G; Carbone, A; Piscopo, M; Rotondi, M; Cioffi, M; Musto, P; Biondi, B; Iorio, S; Amato, G; Carella, C.     Recombinant human thyrotropin reduces serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients monitored for thyroid carcinoma even in the absence of thyroid tissue.    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88    4818-4822   2003.

452b Luster M, Lippi F, Jarzab B, Perros P, Lassmann M, Reiners C, Pacini F. rhTSH-aided radioiodine ablation and treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a comprehensive review.Endocr Relat Cancer. 2005 Mar;12(1):49-64.

453. Bachelot, A, Cailleux, A F, Klain, M, et al. 2002 Relationship between tumor burden and serum thyroglobulin level in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 12:707-11

454.Pacini, F, Capezzone, M, Elisei, R, Ceccarelli, C, Taddei, D, Pinchera, A 2002 Diagnostic 131-iodine whole-body scan may be avoided in thyroid cancer patients who have undetectable stimulated serum Tg levels after initial treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1499-501

455. Pacini F, Molinaro E, Lippi F, Castagna MG, Agate L, Ceccarelli C, Taddei D, Elisei R, Capezzone M, and Pinchera A.    Prediction of disease status by recombinant human TSH-stimulated serum Tg in the postsurgical follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.   J Clin Endocrinol Metab  86:5686-5690, 2001
 
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455b.Castagna MG, Brilli L, Pilli T, Montanaro A, Cipri C, Fioravanti C, Sestini F, Capezzone M, Pacini F. Limited value of repeat recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)-stimulated thyroglobulin testing in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients with previous negative rhTSH-stimulated thyroglobulin and undetectable basal serum thyroglobulin levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan;93(1):76-81

456. Mazzaferri, E, Kloos, R 2002. Is diagnostic Iodine-131 scanning with recombinant human TSH useful in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer after thyroid ablation? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1490-1498

457. Wartofsky, L 2002. Using baseline and recombinant human TSH-stimulated tg measurements to manage thyroid cancer without diagnostic 131I scanning. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1486-1489

458.Wartofsky, L 2002 Management of low-risk well-differentiated thyroid cancer based only on thyroglobulin measurement after recombinant human thyrotropin. Thyroid 12:583-90

459a Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Harmer C, Berg GG, Cohen O, Duntas L, Jamar F, Jarzab B, Limbert E, Lind P, Reiners C, Sanchez Franco F, Smit J, Wiersinga W. Post-surgical use of radioiodine (131I) in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer and the issue of remnant ablation: a consensus report Eur J Endocrinol. 2005 Nov;153(5):651-9.

459b.David A, Blotta A, Rossi R, Zatelli MC, Bondanelli M, Roti E, Braverman LE, Busutti L, degli Uberti EC.  Clinical value of different responses of serum thyroglobulin to recombinant human thyrotropin in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2005 Mar;15(3):267-73. -

459c. Bachelot A, Leboulleux S, Baudin E, Hartl DM, Caillou B, Travagli JP,Schlumberger M. Neck recurrence from thyroid carcinoma: serum thyroglobulin and high-dose total body scan are not reliable criteria for cure after radioiodine treatment. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Mar;62(3):376-9.

459d. Smallridge RC, Meek SE, Morgan MA, Gates GS, Fox TP, Grebe S, Fatourechi V. Monitoring Thyroglobulin in a Sensitive Immunoassay Has Comparable Sensitivity to Recombinant Human TSH-Stimulated Thyroglobulin in Follow-Up of Thyroid Cancer Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jan;92(1):82-7.

460.see 457

461.see 454

462.Lippi, F, Capezzone, M, Angelini, F, et al. 2001 Radioiodine treatment of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer in patients on L-thyroxine, using recombinant human TSH. Eur J Endocrinol 144:5-11

463. Galloway, R, Smallridge, R 1996. Imaging in thyroid cancer. Endocrinol Metab Clinics North America 25:93-113

464. Park, H-M, Perkins, O, Edmondson, J, Schnute, R, Manatunga, A 1994. Influence of diagnostic radioiodines on the uptake of ablative dose of Iodine-131. Thyroid 4:49

464a. Lassmann,M Luster M, Hanscheid H, Reiners C. Impact of 1313-I diagnostic Activities on the Biokinetics of Thyroid Remnants. J Nucl Med 45: 619-625, 2004.

465. Morris, L F, Waxman, A D, Braunstein, G D 2001 The nonimpact of thyroid stunning: remnant ablation rates in 131I-scanned and nonscanned individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:3507-11

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465.2. Van Nostrand, D, Atkins, F, Yeganeh, F, Acio, E, Bursaw, R, Wartofsky, L 2002. Dosimetrically determined doses of radioiodine for the treatment of metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 12:121-134

465.3. O'Connell, M, Flower, M, Hinton, P, Harmer, C, McCready, V 1993. Radiation dose assessment in radioiodine therapy. Dose-response relationships in differentiated thyroid carcinoma using quantitative scanning and PET. Radiotherapy-Oncology 28:16-26

465.31 Tuttle RM, Leboeuf R, Robbins RJ, Qualey R, Pentlow K, Larson SM, Chan CY. Empiric radioactive iodine dosing regimens frequently exceed maximum tolerated activity levels in elderly patients with thyroid cancer. J Nucl Med. 2006 Oct;47(10):1587-91.

465.4. Maxon, H, Thomas, S, Hertzberg, V, et al. 1983. Relation between effective radiation dose and outcome of radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 309:937

465.5. Koong, S-S, Reynolds, J, Movius, E, et al. 1999. Lithium as a potential adjuvant to 131I therapy of metastatic; well differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:912-916

465.6. Carcangiu, M, Bianchi, S, Savino, D, Voynick, I, Rosai, J 1991. Follicular Hurthle cell tumors of the thyroid gland. Cancer 68:1944-1953

465.7. Fatourechi, V, Hay, I, Mullan, B, et al. 2000. Are posttherapy radioiodine scans informative and do they influence subsequent therapy of patients with differentiated thyroid cance