Table of Contents

Low T3 States

Non-thyroidal Illness Syndrome With Low Serum T4

Physiologic Interpretations of NTIS

Serum Hormone Levels and Tissue Hormone Supplies in NTIS

Is There Evidence for Substances In Serum Which Can Affect T4 Binding To Proteins?

TSH Levels

Thyroid Hormone Turnover

T4 Entry Into Cells and generation of T3

Thyroid Hormone In Tissues

Are Patients with NTIS Clinically Hypothyroid?

Mechanism of Thyroid Hormone Suppression in NTIS

Cytokines in NTIS

Other Factors Altering Serum T4 Supply

VARIATIONS IN THE SYNDROME IN RENAL DISEASE

Diagnosis

Is Thyroid Hormone Treatment of NTIS Advantageous or Disadvantageous?

If Thyroid Hormone Replacement is Given, What Should it be?

ADDITIONAL SUPPORTIVE HORMONAL THERAPY TO CONSIDER

Treatment With Hypothalamic Releasing HormonesConclusion

Conclusion